LeetCode #884 — EASY

Uncommon Words from Two Sentences

Build confidence with an intuition-first walkthrough focused on hash map fundamentals.

Solve on LeetCode
The Problem

Problem Statement

A sentence is a string of single-space separated words where each word consists only of lowercase letters.

A word is uncommon if it appears exactly once in one of the sentences, and does not appear in the other sentence.

Given two sentences s1 and s2, return a list of all the uncommon words. You may return the answer in any order.

Example 1:

Input: s1 = "this apple is sweet", s2 = "this apple is sour"

Output: ["sweet","sour"]

Explanation:

The word "sweet" appears only in s1, while the word "sour" appears only in s2.

Example 2:

Input: s1 = "apple apple", s2 = "banana"

Output: ["banana"]

Constraints:

  • 1 <= s1.length, s2.length <= 200
  • s1 and s2 consist of lowercase English letters and spaces.
  • s1 and s2 do not have leading or trailing spaces.
  • All the words in s1 and s2 are separated by a single space.

Roadmap

  1. Brute Force Baseline
  2. Core Insight
  3. Algorithm Walkthrough
  4. Edge Cases
  5. Full Annotated Code
  6. Interactive Study Demo
  7. Complexity Analysis
Step 01

Brute Force Baseline

Problem summary: A sentence is a string of single-space separated words where each word consists only of lowercase letters. A word is uncommon if it appears exactly once in one of the sentences, and does not appear in the other sentence. Given two sentences s1 and s2, return a list of all the uncommon words. You may return the answer in any order.

Baseline thinking

Start with the most direct exhaustive search. That gives a correctness anchor before optimizing.

Pattern signal: Hash Map

Example 1

"this apple is sweet"
"this apple is sour"

Example 2

"apple apple"
"banana"

Related Problems

  • Count Common Words With One Occurrence (count-common-words-with-one-occurrence)
Step 02

Core Insight

What unlocks the optimal approach

  • No official hints in dataset. Start from constraints and look for a monotonic or reusable state.
Interview move: turn each hint into an invariant you can check after every iteration/recursion step.
Step 03

Algorithm Walkthrough

Iteration Checklist

  1. Define state (indices, window, stack, map, DP cell, or recursion frame).
  2. Apply one transition step and update the invariant.
  3. Record answer candidate when condition is met.
  4. Continue until all input is consumed.
Use the first example testcase as your mental trace to verify each transition.
Step 04

Edge Cases

Minimum Input
Single element / shortest valid input
Validate boundary behavior before entering the main loop or recursion.
Duplicates & Repeats
Repeated values / repeated states
Decide whether duplicates should be merged, skipped, or counted explicitly.
Extreme Constraints
Upper-end input sizes
Re-check complexity target against constraints to avoid time-limit issues.
Invalid / Corner Shape
Empty collections, zeros, or disconnected structures
Handle special-case structure before the core algorithm path.
Step 05

Full Annotated Code

Source-backed implementations are provided below for direct study and interview prep.

// Accepted solution for LeetCode #884: Uncommon Words from Two Sentences
class Solution {
    public String[] uncommonFromSentences(String s1, String s2) {
        Map<String, Integer> cnt = new HashMap<>();
        for (String s : s1.split(" ")) {
            cnt.merge(s, 1, Integer::sum);
        }
        for (String s : s2.split(" ")) {
            cnt.merge(s, 1, Integer::sum);
        }
        List<String> ans = new ArrayList<>();
        for (var e : cnt.entrySet()) {
            if (e.getValue() == 1) {
                ans.add(e.getKey());
            }
        }
        return ans.toArray(new String[0]);
    }
}
Step 06

Interactive Study Demo

Use this to step through a reusable interview workflow for this problem.

Press Step or Run All to begin.
Step 07

Complexity Analysis

Time
O(m + n)
Space
O(m + n)

Approach Breakdown

BRUTE FORCE
O(n²) time
O(1) space

For each element, scan the rest of the array looking for a match. Two nested loops give n × (n−1)/2 comparisons = O(n²). No extra space since we only use loop indices.

HASH MAP
O(n) time
O(n) space

One pass through the input, performing O(1) hash map lookups and insertions at each step. The hash map may store up to n entries in the worst case. This is the classic space-for-time tradeoff: O(n) extra memory eliminates an inner loop.

Shortcut: Need to check “have I seen X before?” → hash map → O(n) time, O(n) space.
Coach Notes

Common Mistakes

Review these before coding to avoid predictable interview regressions.

Mutating counts without cleanup

Wrong move: Zero-count keys stay in map and break distinct/count constraints.

Usually fails on: Window/map size checks are consistently off by one.

Fix: Delete keys when count reaches zero.